17.2 Te Whakatau Tikanga o te Maaka i roto i te Wai-Wai-Wai-Wai
17.2.1 Tikanga
17.2.2
17.2.1.2.Te kitenga o te otinga PAC-LV ma te taapiri i te wairewa kohuke/iodide*
Mēnā he amylose kei reira, ka huri hei matatini tae.
17.2.2 Reagents me nga rawa
a) Ko te wai kua whakakorehia, kua whakakorehia ranei
b) Wairewa waikawa, hei tauira, Merck 1.09.089.1000 (CAS Nama 7553-56-2) 7) 0.05.
c) Te iodide pāhare pāporo 1 Merck 1.0504 3.0250 PA (CAS No. 7681-11-0
d) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (CAS No. 1310-73-2): wairewa waimeha, 0.1% -0.5%.
17.2.3 Taputapu
17.2.3.1 Whakakorikori 1ta Tauira 98 Nga Whakakorikori-maha-maha kua mau ki te impeller 9B29X, te mata rite ranei me te kotahi
ahua ngaru sinusoidal,mata diameter approx.25 mm (lin, ka werohia te kanohi ki runga).
17.2.3.2 Ko te kapu whakakorikori he 180 mm te hohonu (7.1 in) te hohonu, 97 mm (3-5/6 in) te diameter o te
waha o runga,me te 70 mm (2.75 in) te diameter o te turanga o raro (hei tauira M110-D momo Kirikiriroa Beachkapu whakakorikori
mea rite ranei).(Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te karaihe 600 ml hei whakakapi.)
17.2.3.3 Nga koko taiwhanga.
17.2.3.4 Kaikiri.
17.2.3.5 Taurite: Ko te tika he 0.01 g.
17.2.3.6 Puka pukoro 100ml
17.2.3.7 He paipa paipa, he kirihou whakaheke ranei.
17.2.3.8 Te Taima: Te miihini, te hiko ranei, te tika 0.1 min.17.2.3.9 mita pH me nga hiko pH:
tauira Thermo Russell momo KDCW1 19)
17.2.3.10 Nga taputapu whangai polymeric (hei tauira, Fann 10) momo 0Fl 11 ranei))
17.2.3.11 Nga ipuipu.
17.2.4 Te Tikanga - Te Whakaritenga o te Waahanga Iodine/Potassium Iodide Solution
17.2.4.1 Tāpirihia te 10 μl ± 0.1 ml o te 0.05 mol / l wairewa iodine ki te 100 ml ± 0.1 ml te pounamu rōrahi.
17.2.4.2 Tāpirihia te 0.60 g±..01 g Te konutai iodide (KI), ruru ata te ipu kia memeha.
17.2.4.3 Taapirihia te wai kaona ki te tohu 100 ml ka uru pai.Tuhia te ra whakarite.
17.2.4.4 Ko te wairewa iodine/iodide kua oti te hanga ka rongoa ki roto i te ipu kati, ka rongoa ki te waahi pouri, makariri me te maroke.
Ko te ra paunga ka eke ki te toru marama, me maka atu, ka hanga ano.
17.2.5 Tikanga - Te Whakaritenga Whakataunga PAC-LV me te Tirohanga Maaka
17.2.5.1 Whakaritea he wairewa wai 596 o te PAC-LV hei whakamatautau.
Tāpirihia te 380 g ± 0.1 g o te wai whakaheke iona ki te kapu ranu, tāpirihia te 2 g ± 0.1 g o te PAC-LV i te tere rite
i te whakakorikori i runga i te whakakorikori,me haere tonu te wa taapiri mo te 60 s ki te 120 s.
Me tapiri atu te tauira ki te ngangau i roto i te kapu ranu, me te karo i te whakakorikori i te rakau hei whakaiti i te puehu.
He pai ake te whakamahi i te taputapu utu waerau i 17.2.3.10.
17.2.5.2 I muri i te whakaoho mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min, tangohia te kapu whakaoho mai i te whakaoho ka waruhia nga PAC-LV katoa kua piri ki
te taiepa kapu me te mokowā.Ko nga PAC-LV katoa i mau ki te kirikiri i konatunatua ki te otinga.
17.2.5.3 Ine i te pH o te otinga.Mēnā he iti ake te pH i te 10, tāpirihia he wairewa waimeha o te NaOH maturuturu.
Whakanuia te pH ki te 10
17.2.5.4.Whakahokia te kapu whakakorikori ki te whakakorikori me te whakaoho tonu.Ko te katoa o te wa whakaoho kia 20 min ± 1 Min.
17.2.5.5 Whakanohia te 2 ml o te wairewa tauira ki roto i te ipuipu whakamatautau ka taapiri atu kia toru nga pata o te wairewa iodine/iodide,
ki te 30 pata.
17.2.5.6 Whakaritea kia toru nga whakamatautau paratea me te wai whakaheke.Tāpirihia kia 3 pata, 9 pata, 30 pata o te wairewa iodine/iodide ki
nga ngongo mo nga whakamatautau whakatairite.
17.2.5.7 Whai muri i te taapiri kia 3 nga pata wairewa ia wa, ruia ata te ngongo hei whakataurite i te tae o te tauira otinga.
me te whakamātautau pātea.Ko te whakataurite o nga tae me hanga ki te papamuri ma.
17.2.6 Te Whakatau - PAC-LV Maaka Rapu
17.2.6.1 Mēnā he ōrite te tae kōwhai o te otinga tauira hei whakamātauria ki te whakamātautau pātea, karekau te tauira
kei roto he māngaro, he māngaro rānei.
17.2.6.2 Mēnā he tae kē kei reira, ka tino tohuhia he māngaro, he māngaro rānei.
17.2.6.3 Mena ka tere te ngaro o te tae, e tohu ana i te aroaro o tetahi kaihoko whakaheke, i tenei keehi,
toha tonu ki te taapiri i te waiora o te iodine / iodide, te whakatairite tae ki tetahi o nga whakamatautau patea, tirohia 17.2.61.
17.2.6.4 Mena ka kitea he tauhohenga tae rereke mai i te 17.2.6.1, kaore e tika kia haere tonu ki te whakamatautau ka whai ake.
17.3 Makuku
17.3.1 Raupapa 17.3.1.1 Umu: Ka taea te whakahaere i te 105°C±3°C (220±5>.
17.3.1.2 Taurite: Tika o te 0.01 g.
17.3.1.3 Rihi whakaetonga: Raukaha 150 ml.
17.3.1.4 Kaiwiri.
17.3.1.5 Desiccant: Kei roto te whakamaroke (CAS Nama 7778-18-9) te whakamaroke, he rite ranei
17.3.2 Te Tikanga Whakamatau
17.3.2.1 Paunatia 10 g ± 0.1 g tauira PAC-LV kia paunatia I roto i te rihi whakaeto, tuhia te tauira papatipu m
17.3.2.2 Me whakamaroke te tauira ki te oumu mo te 4 haora
17.3.2.3 Whakamaohia te tauira i roto i te desiccator ki te pāmahana rūma17.3.2.4 Paunaha ano te rihi whakaeto kei roto
PAC-LV maroke, tuhia te kounga tauira maroke m2.
17.3.3 Te Tatautanga
17.4 Te mate wai
17.4.1 Reagents me nga rawa
17.4.1.1 Te tote o te moana: Aromatawai te oneone i runga i te ASTM D 1141-98 (2003) 12
17.4.1.2 Paerewa API.
17.4.1.3 Pāhare pūhaumāota (CAS No. 7447-40-7)
17.4.1.4 Sodium Bicarbonate (CAS No. 144-55-8).
17.4.1.5 Ko te wai kaoona, te wai maturu ranei.
17.4.2 Taputapu
17.4.2.1 Thermometer: Ko te awhe ine he 0 °C ~ 60 °C, ko te 0.5 °C te tika.
(ko te awhe ine he 32 °F ~ 140 °F, ko te 1.0 °F te tika)
17.4.2.2 Te toenga: Ko te 0.01g te tika.
17.4.2.3 Whakakorikori: Mena he momo 9B maha-waa whakakorikori e mau ana ki te 9B20x impeller,me whakauru te rakaua
takakaute mata ngaru ngaru me te diameter o te mata tata ki te 25 mm (1 in) me te mata ki runga.
17.4.2.4 Ko te kapu whakakorikori he 180 mm te hohonu (7.1 in) te hohonu, 97 mm (3-5/6 in) te diameter o
te waha o runga,me te 70 mm (2.75 in) te diameter o te turanga o raro (hei tauira M110-D momo Hamilton Beach te kapu whakakorikori).
17.4.2.5 kirikiri.
17.4.2.6 Ipu: Karaihe, kirihou ranei, me te kati, te taupoki ranei, ka whakamahia mo te wai tote.
17.4.2.7 Viscometers: Hiko, panui tika, kia rite ki te ISO 10414-1
17.4.2.8 Taima: E rua, miihini, hiko ranei, me te 0.1 min te tino tika mo te wa ine i tenei whakamatautau.
17.4.2.9 Taputapu Tātari: Te pāmahana iti me te momo pēhanga, i runga i nga tikanga o te Upoko 7 o
ISO 10414-1:2008.
17.4.2.10 Ine i roto i nga ipu: E rua, me te kaha o te 10 ml ± 0.1 ml me te 500 ml ± 5 ml *
17.4.2.11 He taputapu whangai polymer (momo Fann, momo OFI ranei).
17.4.3 Tikanga Whakamatau - PAC-LV Ngaronga Wai
17.4.3.1 Tāpirihia te 42 g ± 0.01 g o te tote moana ki te 11 ± 2 ml o te wai whakaheke.
17.4.3.2 I roto i te 358 g o te wairewa tote moana, tāpirihia te 35.0 g ± 0.01 g pāhare pāporo pūhaumāota (KCl).
17.4.3.3 I muri i te whakaoho mo te 3 meneti ± 0.1 meneti, tāpirihia te 1.0 g ± 0.01 g o te konutai bicarbonate.
17.4.3.4 I muri i te whakaoho mo te 3 min ± 0.1 min, whakauruhia te 28.0 g ± 0.01 g API paerewa hei aromatawai
17.4.3.5 I muri i te whakakorikori mo te 5 min±0.1 min, tangohia te kapu whakakorikori mai i te whakakorikori, ka waruhia ki te pakitara me te weriweri.
Ka arotake nga paerewa API katoa i te oneone.Ko nga oneone aro mātai paerewa API katoa i mau ki te kirikiri i konatunatua ki te whakatārewatanga.
17.4.3.6 Whakahokia te kapu whakakorikori ki te whakakorikori me te whakaoho tonu mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min.
17.4.3.7 Taumaha 2.0 g±0.01 g PAC-L.
17.4.3.8 Ataata i te whakakorikori i runga i te whakakorikori, tāpirihia te PAC-LV kia rite te reiti.
Ko te wa taapiri kia 60 hēkona te roa.Me tapiri atu te PAC-LV ki te vortex i roto i te kapu ranu
me te karo i te rakau whakaoho hei whakaiti i te puehu.He pai ake te whakamahi i te taputapu whangai polymer i te 17.4.2.11.
17.4.3.9 I muri i te whakakorikori mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min, tangohia te kapu whakakorikori mai i te whakakorikori me te whakamahi i te mokowai hei wariu i nga mea katoa.
I piri a PAC-L ki te pakitara kapu.Ko nga PAC-LV katoa i mau ki te kirikiri i konatunatua ki te whakatārewatanga.
17.4.3.10 Whakahokia te ipu ki te whakakorikori me te whakaoho tonu.Mena e tika ana, i muri i te 5 meneti me te 10 meneti, tangohia te whakaoho
kapu mai i te whakakorikori, ka waruhia nga PAC-L katoa e piri ana ki te pakitara kapu.Te tapeke o te wa whakakorikori mai i te
Me 20 meneti ± 1 meneti te tiimata o te taapiri PAC-LV.
17.4.3.11 I te 25 °C ± 1 °C (77 °F ± 2 °F),pupuri i te whakatārewatanga i roto i te ipu kati, kapi ranei mo te 16 haora ± 0.5 haora.
Tuhia te pāmahana whakaora me te wa whakaora.
17.4.3.12 I muri i te rongoa, whakakorikoria te whakatārewatanga i runga i te whakakorikori mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min.
17.4.3.13 Ringihia te whakatārewatanga PAC-LV ki roto i te kapu tātari.I mua i te ringihia ki roto i te whakatārewatanga,kia mohiokatoanga wahanga
o te kapu tātari kua maroke me te mowhiti hiri kaore i pakaru, i mau ranei.Ko te pāmahana o te whakatārewatanga kia
25°C±1°C (77°F±2).Ki roto i te 13 mm (0.5 in) mai i te tihi o te kapu.Huihuia te kapu tātari, whakauruhia te kapu tātari ki runga
te kaipupuri, katia te paera awhina, ka waiho he ipu ki raro i te ngongo wai.
17.4.3.14 Whakatakotoria he taima ki te 7.5 meneti me tetahi atu huinga ki te 30 meneti.I te wa kotahi ka tiimata kia rua nga taima ka whakatika i te pehanga kapu ki
690 kPa ± 35 kPa (100 psi ± 5 psi).Ko te pehanga ma te hau kōpeke, hauota, helium ranei.
Me whakaoti i roto i te 15 hēkona.
17.4.3.15 i te tuatahi I te mutunga o te taima anake, tangohia te ipu ka tango i nga wai e piri ana ki te awaawa me
maka atu.Ko te 10 ml o te rango kua oti te whakamaroke i tuu ki raro i te waikeri, ka kohia te filtrate tae noa ki te tuarua.
kua pau te taima.Tangohia te rango me te tuhi i te rōrahi o te filtrate i kohia.
17.4.4 Tatautanga - Ngaronga o te PAC-LV Ko te nui o te V kua tātarihia ka tatauhia i runga i te whārite (43) i te ml;
v-2xVe (43) te wahi: 1⁄2_ rōrahi o te filtrate kohia i waenganui i te 7.5 min me te 30 min.Ko te waeine ko ml.
17.5 Ka kitea te Viscosity of Solutions
17.5.1 Te Tikanga Whakamatau - Ka kitea te Viscosity of Solution
17.5.1.1 Tāpirihia te 42 g ± 0.01 g o te tote moana ki te 11 ± 2 ml o te wai whakaheke.
17.5.1.2 I roto i te 358 g o te wairewa tote moana, tāpirihia te 35.0 g ± 0.01 g pāhare pāporo pūhaumāota (KCl).
17.5.1.3 Taumaha 5.0 g ± 0.01 g PAC-Lv.Ataahua i te whakakorikori i runga i te whakakorikori, taapirihia te PAC-LV kia rite te reiti.
Ko te wa taapiri kia 1 meneti pea.Me tapiri atu te PAC-LV ki te vortex i roto i te kapu ranu
me te karo i te rakau whakaoho hei whakaiti i te puehu.
17.5.1.4 I muri i te whakaoho mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min, tangohia te kapu oho mai i te whakakorikori, waruhia nga PACw katoa e piri ana ki te pakitara kapu.
me te mokowai, ka uru katoa te PAC-LV i mau ki te mokowai ki te whakatārewatanga.
17.5.1.5 Whakahokia te ipu ki te whakaranu ka whakaoho tonu.Mena e tika ana, tangohia te kapu whakaoho mai i te whakaranu i muri
5 meneti me te 10 meneti, waruhia nga PAC-W katoa e piri ana ki te pakitara kapu.Te tapeke o te wa whakakorikori mai i te timatanga o te taapiri o
Ko te PAC-LV me 20 meneti ± 1 meneti.
17.5.1.6 I te 25 °C ± 1 °C (777 ± 27), whakatārewahia te whakatārewatanga mo te 16 h ± 0.5 h i roto i te ipu kati, kapi ranei.
Tuhia te pāmahana whakaora me te wa whakaora ”
17.5.1.7 Whakakorikoria te whakatārewatanga i runga i te whakakorikori mo te 5 min ± 0.1 min.
17.7.5.1.8 Ringihia te wairewa ki roto i te tauira kapu kua mau ki te viscometer panui tika” i te 25 °C ± 1 °C (77 Raro
te ahua o °F ± 2), i panuihia te aukati i te 600 r / min.
17.5.2 Te Tatau - Te ahua pokey o te otinga
Tātaihia te pōkākā o te otinga i runga i te tātai (44), i roto i te mPas:
VA=R600/2 (44)
R600-viscometer pānui i 600 r / min.Tuhia te hua o te tatauranga
Wā tuku: Nov-12-2020